Why is potassium nitrate (KNO_3) classified as an electrolyte?

• A. Because it remains as neutral molecules in solution and does not affect conductivity.
• B. Because it dissociates into ions when dissolved in water, allowing the solution to conduct electricity.
• C. Because it forms covalent bonds with water molecules, preventing electrical conductivity.
• D. Because it is insoluble in water and does not interact with electrical currents.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand what an electrolyte is: an electrolyte is a substance that produces ions when dissolved in water, allowing the solution to conduct electricity.
2. Recognize that potassium nitrate (KNO_3) is an ionic compound composed of K^+ (potassium ions) and NO_3^- (nitrate ions).
3. When KNO_3 dissolves in water, it dissociates into its constituent ions: \(\mathrm{KNO_3 (s) \rightarrow K^+ (aq) + NO_3^- (aq)}\).
4. These free ions in solution are charged particles that can move and carry electric current, which is why the solution conducts electricity.
5. Therefore, KNO_3 is classified as an electrolyte because it dissociates into ions in water, increasing the solution's electrical conductivity.