Why do atoms form chemical bonds?

• A. To increase their atomic number
• B. To become radioactive
• C. To achieve a more stable electron configuration, often by attaining a full valence shell
• D. To decrease their mass number

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that atoms form chemical bonds primarily to achieve greater stability.
2. Recall that stability in atoms is often related to having a full valence electron shell, which corresponds to a lower energy state.
3. Recognize that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons through bonding to complete their outermost electron shell, following the octet rule for many elements.
4. Note that increasing atomic number or mass number involves nuclear changes, which are not related to chemical bonding.
5. Conclude that the driving force behind chemical bond formation is the attainment of a more stable electron configuration, not changes in atomic or mass numbers.