Multiple Choice
When 25.5 grams of NaHCO3 decompose completely, what mass of CO2 is produced? (Molar masses: NaHCO3 = 84.0 g/mol, CO2 = 44.0 g/mol)
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3. Chemical Reactions
Stoichiometry
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When acetic acid (HC2H3O2) reacts with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) in a neutralization reaction, what is the stoichiometric ratio of HC2H3O2 to Ca(OH)2?
A
1:1
B
2:1
C
3:2
D
1:2
Verified step by step guidance1
Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between acetic acid (HC2H3O2) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2). Acetic acid is a monoprotic acid (donates one H+), and calcium hydroxide is a strong base that provides two OH- ions per formula unit.
The unbalanced reaction is: \(\mathrm{HC_2H_3O_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \rightarrow Ca(C_2H_3O_2)_2 + H_2O}\).
Balance the equation by ensuring the number of acidic protons equals the number of hydroxide ions. Since Ca(OH)2 provides 2 OH- ions, it will react with 2 moles of acetic acid:
\[2\ \mathrm{HC_2H_3O_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \rightarrow Ca(C_2H_3O_2)_2 + 2H_2O}\]
From the balanced equation, identify the stoichiometric ratio of acetic acid to calcium hydroxide, which is the ratio of their coefficients: 2 moles of HC2H3O2 react with 1 mole of Ca(OH)2.
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