Multiple Choice
Consider the molecule below, where atoms A, B, and C are labeled. Which of the following correctly describes the molecular geometry at each labeled atom?A: linearB: trigonal planarC: tetrahedral
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12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory
Molecular Geometry
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What is the molecular geometry of the sulfate ion, SO_4^{2-}?
A
Trigonal pyramidal
B
Trigonal planar
C
Tetrahedral
D
Square planar
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the central atom in the sulfate ion, which is sulfur (S).
Determine the number of valence electrons for sulfur and oxygen atoms, and account for the overall charge of the ion (2-).
Draw the Lewis structure of SO_4^{2-} by placing sulfur in the center and surrounding it with four oxygen atoms, then distribute electrons to satisfy the octet rule for each atom.
Count the regions of electron density (bonding and lone pairs) around the central sulfur atom. In SO_4^{2-}, sulfur is bonded to four oxygen atoms with no lone pairs on sulfur.
Use the VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory to predict the molecular geometry based on the four bonding pairs and zero lone pairs, which corresponds to a tetrahedral shape.
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