Atoms seldom exist as independent particles in nature because:

• A. they are always radioactive when alone
• B. they tend to combine with other atoms to achieve greater stability
• C. they have no electrons when isolated
• D. they are too large to remain isolated

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of atomic stability: Atoms tend to achieve a more stable electronic configuration, often resembling the electron configuration of the nearest noble gas.
2. Recall that isolated atoms usually have incomplete outer electron shells, which makes them chemically reactive and unstable on their own.
3. Recognize that atoms combine with other atoms through chemical bonds (ionic, covalent, or metallic) to fill or empty their outer electron shells, achieving greater stability.
4. Note that radioactivity is a property of certain unstable nuclei and is not a general reason why atoms do not exist independently.
5. Conclude that the primary reason atoms seldom exist as independent particles is because they tend to combine with other atoms to achieve greater stability.