Which of the following best explains how electronegativity affects the reactivity of an element?

• A. Elements with lower electronegativity always form ionic bonds and are therefore more reactive.
• B. Electronegativity has no effect on the reactivity of an element.
• C. Reactivity is determined only by atomic mass, not electronegativity.
• D. Elements with higher electronegativity tend to attract electrons more strongly, influencing their chemical reactivity.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons in a chemical bond.
2. Recognize that elements with higher electronegativity tend to attract electrons more strongly, which affects how they interact with other atoms during chemical reactions.
3. Consider that reactivity depends on how easily an element can gain, lose, or share electrons, and electronegativity influences this behavior by affecting electron attraction.
4. Note that elements with very low electronegativity often lose electrons easily and form ionic bonds, while those with high electronegativity tend to gain or share electrons, impacting their reactivity differently.
5. Conclude that electronegativity is a key factor in chemical reactivity because it influences the tendency of an element to attract electrons, which is central to forming chemical bonds and undergoing reactions.