Multiple Choice
Which of the following is a colligative property?
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14. Solutions
The Colligative Properties
Multiple Choice
Which of the following compound will have the highest vapor pressure?
A
0.45 m dinitrogen pentoxide
B
0.10 m aluminum chloride
C
0.50 m iron (III) perchlorate
D
0.15 m calcium phosphate
E
0.30 m Potassium sulfide
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that vapor pressure lowering in solutions is a colligative property, which depends on the number of solute particles in solution, not their identity.
Calculate the van't Hoff factor (i) for each compound, which represents the number of particles the compound dissociates into when dissolved. For example, for aluminum chloride (AlCl\_3), i = 4 because it dissociates into 1 Al\^{3+} and 3 Cl\^- ions.
Use the formula for the lowering of vapor pressure: \(\Delta P = i \times m \times K\), where \(m\) is molality and \(K\) is a constant related to the solvent. Since \(K\) and the solvent are the same for all solutions, compare the product \(i \times m\) for each solution.
Calculate \(i \times m\) for each solution to find which has the greatest effect on lowering vapor pressure. The solution with the smallest \(i \times m\) will have the highest vapor pressure because it lowers the vapor pressure the least.
Compare all values and identify the solution with the smallest \(i \times m\) product, which corresponds to the highest vapor pressure.
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