In chemistry, what does a mole measure?

• A. The mass of a substance in grams
• B. The amount of substance containing Avogadro's number of particles
• C. The concentration of a solution in molarity
• D. The volume of a gas at standard temperature and pressure

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that a mole is a fundamental unit in chemistry used to quantify the amount of substance.
2. Recall that one mole corresponds to exactly \$6.022 \times 10^{23}$ particles, which can be atoms, molecules, ions, or other entities.
3. Recognize that the mole does not directly measure mass, concentration, or volume, but rather the number of particles present.
4. Connect the concept of the mole to Avogadro's number, which defines the number of particles in one mole.
5. Conclude that the mole measures the amount of substance containing Avogadro's number of particles.