Multiple Choice
Which type of intermolecular force is generally considered the strongest?
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13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces
Intermolecular Forces
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Which one of the following substances should exhibit hydrogen bonding in the liquid state?
A
C_2H_6
B
CO_2
C
CH_4
D
NH_3
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand what hydrogen bonding is: it is a special type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs when hydrogen is covalently bonded to highly electronegative atoms like nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), or fluorine (F).
Examine each substance to see if it contains hydrogen atoms bonded directly to N, O, or F, which is necessary for hydrogen bonding.
For \(C_2H_6\) (ethane), note that hydrogen is bonded to carbon, which is not electronegative enough to cause hydrogen bonding.
For \(CO_2\) (carbon dioxide), observe that there are no hydrogen atoms present at all, so hydrogen bonding cannot occur.
For \(CH_4\) (methane), hydrogen is bonded to carbon again, so no hydrogen bonding is possible; however, for \(NH_3\) (ammonia), hydrogen is bonded to nitrogen, which is highly electronegative, allowing hydrogen bonding to occur.
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