Multiple Choice
Which of the following reactions will produce a precipitate? Select the reaction where a solid forms as a result of mixing the solutions.
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6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions
Solubility Rules
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Which of the following substances has the greatest solubility in water?
A
NaNO_3
B
AgCl
C
CaCO_3
D
BaSO_4
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand that solubility in water depends on the compound's ability to dissociate into ions and the solubility product constant (K_sp) for sparingly soluble salts. For ionic compounds like these, solubility is influenced by the lattice energy and hydration energy.
Step 2: Identify the nature of each compound: AgCl, CaCO_3, and BaSO_4 are all sparingly soluble salts with relatively low solubility, while NaNO_3 is a highly soluble ionic salt that dissociates completely in water.
Step 3: Recall that NaNO_3 is a nitrate salt, and nitrates are generally very soluble in water due to their low lattice energy and strong hydration of ions, leading to high solubility.
Step 4: Compare the solubility products (K_sp) of the sparingly soluble salts (AgCl, CaCO_3, BaSO_4). These values are typically very low, indicating limited solubility, whereas NaNO_3 does not have a K_sp because it is highly soluble.
Step 5: Conclude that among the given options, NaNO_3 has the greatest solubility in water because it is a soluble salt that dissociates completely, unlike the other compounds which are sparingly soluble.
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