Which of the following statements is one of the conclusions that formed the basis of Dalton's atomic theory?

• A. Atoms can be created or destroyed during chemical reactions.
• B. Atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties.
• C. All atoms have the same mass regardless of the element.
• D. Atoms are divisible into protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Review the historical context of Dalton's atomic theory, which was proposed in the early 19th century before the discovery of subatomic particles like protons, neutrons, and electrons.
2. Understand that Dalton's atomic theory includes several key postulates, one of which states that atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties, meaning each element's atoms are unique and consistent.
3. Recognize that Dalton's theory also asserts that atoms cannot be created or destroyed in chemical reactions, which contradicts the first option in the problem.
4. Note that Dalton did not claim all atoms have the same mass regardless of the element; rather, atoms of different elements have different masses.
5. Conclude that the correct statement reflecting Dalton's atomic theory is: 'Atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties.'