According to Dalton's atomic theory, which statement best describes atoms?

• A. Atoms are indivisible particles that cannot be created or destroyed in chemical reactions.
• B. Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
• C. Atoms of the same element can have different masses.
• D. Atoms can be converted into energy during chemical reactions.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that Dalton's atomic theory was an early model of the atom, proposed in the early 19th century, which laid the foundation for modern atomic theory.
2. Recall that Dalton's theory stated atoms are the smallest units of matter and are indivisible and indestructible in chemical reactions, meaning they cannot be created, destroyed, or transformed into other types of particles during chemical changes.
3. Recognize that Dalton's theory did not include the internal structure of atoms (protons, neutrons, electrons), which was discovered later, so statements about atomic composition are not part of his original theory.
4. Note that Dalton proposed atoms of the same element are identical in mass and properties, so the idea that atoms of the same element can have different masses contradicts his theory (this concept was refined later with isotopes).
5. Understand that Dalton's theory did not suggest atoms can be converted into energy during chemical reactions; this concept comes from nuclear reactions and modern physics, beyond Dalton's original scope.