Which of the following is a direct result of hydrogen bonding?

• A. Methane is highly soluble in water.
• B. Carbon dioxide is a solid at room temperature.
• C. Helium forms a liquid at room temperature.
• D. Water has a higher boiling point than expected for its molecular weight.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand what hydrogen bonding is: it is a special type of dipole-dipole attraction that occurs when hydrogen is covalently bonded to highly electronegative atoms like nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine, creating strong intermolecular forces.
2. Recognize that hydrogen bonding significantly affects physical properties such as boiling points, melting points, and solubility because it increases the attraction between molecules.
3. Analyze each option by considering whether hydrogen bonding is involved: for example, methane (CH₄) is nonpolar and does not form hydrogen bonds, so its solubility in water is not due to hydrogen bonding.
4. Focus on water (H₂O), which has strong hydrogen bonds due to the O-H bonds; these bonds cause water to have a much higher boiling point than other molecules of similar molecular weight that lack hydrogen bonding.
5. Conclude that the direct result of hydrogen bonding is that water has a higher boiling point than expected for its molecular weight, distinguishing it from the other options.