In the context of types of aqueous solutions, which statement best describes an unsaturated solution at a given temperature?

• A. It has no solute dissolved in the solvent (pure water only).
• B. It contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute possible and is in dynamic equilibrium with undissolved solute.
• C. It contains more dissolved solute than is normally possible at that temperature and is unstable.
• D. It contains less than the maximum amount of dissolved solute possible, so more solute can still dissolve.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of saturation in aqueous solutions: Saturation refers to the point at which a solution contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute at a given temperature.
2. Define an unsaturated solution: It is a solution that contains less solute than the maximum amount that can dissolve at that temperature, meaning more solute can still dissolve.
3. Contrast with a saturated solution: A saturated solution contains the maximum amount of solute dissolved and is in dynamic equilibrium with any undissolved solute present.
4. Contrast with a supersaturated solution: A supersaturated solution contains more solute than normally possible at that temperature and is unstable, often leading to crystallization.
5. Recognize that a solution with no solute dissolved (pure solvent) is not considered unsaturated but simply a solvent without solute.