Why is density referred to as a characteristic property of matter?

• A. Because it changes with the shape of the sample.
• B. Because it is the same for all substances at room temperature.
• C. Because it depends on both mass and volume, which vary for different samples.
• D. Because it is unique to each substance and does not depend on the amount of material present.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that a characteristic property of matter is a property that is unique to a substance and does not change regardless of the amount or shape of the sample.
2. Recall that density is defined as the ratio of mass to volume, given by the formula \(\text{density} = \frac{\text{mass}}{\text{volume}}\).
3. Recognize that while mass and volume individually depend on the amount of substance, their ratio (density) remains constant for a pure substance at a given temperature and pressure.
4. Note that because density is unique to each substance, it can be used to identify or distinguish substances from one another.
5. Conclude that density is called a characteristic property because it does not change with the size or shape of the sample, making it a reliable and unique identifier for substances.