Which statement best describes the relationship between the atomic radius of a metal atom and its reactivity?

• A. Metals with smaller atomic radii are always more reactive than those with larger atomic radii.
• B. As the atomic radius increases, the reactivity of the metal generally increases.
• C. As the atomic radius increases, the reactivity of the metal generally decreases.
• D. There is no relationship between atomic radius and the reactivity of a metal.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that atomic radius refers to the size of an atom, typically measured from the nucleus to the outermost electron cloud.
2. Recall that metal reactivity is often related to how easily an atom can lose electrons to form positive ions (cations).
3. Recognize that as atomic radius increases, the outermost electrons are farther from the nucleus and experience less electrostatic attraction, making them easier to remove.
4. Therefore, metals with larger atomic radii tend to lose electrons more readily, increasing their reactivity.
5. Conclude that the general trend is: as atomic radius increases, the reactivity of the metal generally increases.