Why do atoms form chemical bonds?

• A. To become electrically neutral
• B. To increase their atomic number
• C. To decrease their atomic mass
• D. To achieve a more stable electron configuration, often by attaining a full valence shell

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that atoms form chemical bonds primarily to achieve greater stability.
2. Recall that atoms are most stable when they have a full valence shell of electrons, often resembling the electron configuration of the nearest noble gas.
3. Recognize that atoms will share, donate, or accept electrons to fill their outermost electron shell, which leads to the formation of chemical bonds.
4. Note that this process does not change the atomic number or atomic mass of the atoms involved; instead, it changes their electron arrangement to lower their potential energy.
5. Conclude that the driving force behind bond formation is the attainment of a more stable electron configuration, not electrical neutrality or changes in atomic number or mass.