In an atom, where are the electrons primarily located?

• A. In fixed orbits within the nucleus
• B. In the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus
• C. Inside the nucleus with protons and neutrons
• D. Attached to the surface of the nucleus

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the structure of an atom: it consists of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, and electrons that are found outside the nucleus.
2. Recall that electrons do not orbit the nucleus in fixed paths like planets around the sun; instead, they exist in regions called electron clouds or orbitals.
3. Electron clouds represent areas where there is a high probability of finding an electron at any given time, rather than fixed orbits.
4. Recognize that the nucleus contains protons and neutrons tightly packed together, and electrons are not located inside or attached to the nucleus.
5. Therefore, electrons are primarily located in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus, which defines the atom's size and shape.