Which statement best describes collision theory in chemistry?

• A. It proposes that chemical reactions are independent of temperature and concentration.
• B. It suggests that chemical reactions happen spontaneously without any interaction between reactant particles.
• C. It states that chemical reactions occur when reactant particles collide with sufficient energy and proper orientation.
• D. It explains that chemical reactions only occur when reactants are dissolved in water.

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that collision theory explains how and why chemical reactions occur at the molecular level.
2. Recognize that according to collision theory, for a reaction to happen, reactant particles must collide with enough energy to overcome the activation energy barrier.
3. Note that not only energy but also the correct orientation of the colliding particles is necessary for a successful reaction.
4. Realize that factors like temperature and concentration affect the frequency and energy of collisions, thus influencing reaction rates.
5. Conclude that the best description of collision theory is that chemical reactions occur when reactant particles collide with sufficient energy and proper orientation.