Which term describes the overall energy change that occurs during the formation of a solution from its constituent substances?

• A. Enthalpy of solution (ΔH_{solution})
• B. Enthalpy of vaporization (ΔH_{vap})
• C. Enthalpy of formation (ΔH_{f})
• D. Enthalpy of fusion (ΔH_{fus})

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that the problem asks for the term describing the overall energy change when a solution forms from its pure components.
2. Recall that the enthalpy of solution (\$\Delta H_{solution}\$) refers to the heat absorbed or released when a solute dissolves in a solvent to form a solution.
3. Recognize that enthalpy of vaporization (\$\Delta H_{vap}\$) is the energy required to convert a liquid into a gas, which is unrelated to solution formation.
4. Know that enthalpy of formation (\$\Delta H_{f}\$) is the energy change when one mole of a compound forms from its elements in their standard states, not specifically about solutions.
5. Remember that enthalpy of fusion (\$\Delta H_{fus}\$) is the energy change when a solid melts to a liquid, also unrelated to solution formation.