Which of the following models best represents the structure and movement of particles in a liquid according to the kinetic molecular theory?

• A. Particles are stationary and do not move.
• B. Particles are close together but move past one another freely.
• C. Particles are arranged in a fixed, orderly pattern and vibrate in place.
• D. Particles are far apart and move rapidly in all directions.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Recall the key points of the kinetic molecular theory as it applies to different states of matter: solids, liquids, and gases.
2. Understand that in solids, particles are arranged in a fixed, orderly pattern and vibrate in place, meaning they do not move freely.
3. Recognize that in gases, particles are far apart and move rapidly in all directions, with little interaction between them.
4. For liquids, particles are close together but not fixed in place; they have enough energy to move past one another freely, allowing the liquid to flow.
5. Compare each given option to these characteristics and identify that the model where particles are close together but move past one another freely best represents the structure and movement of particles in a liquid.