Which of the following best describes the three main points of the kinetic molecular theory of gases?

• A. Gas particles move in a straight line only; the volume of gas particles is larger than the container; collisions between particles do not occur.
• B. Gas particles attract each other strongly; the volume of gas particles is significant; collisions between particles result in energy loss.
• C. Gas particles are stationary; the volume of gas particles is equal to the volume of the container; collisions between particles are inelastic.
• D. Gas particles are in constant, random motion; the volume of gas particles is negligible compared to the container; collisions between particles are perfectly elastic.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that the kinetic molecular theory of gases explains the behavior of ideal gases based on the motion and interactions of gas particles.
2. Recall the first main point: Gas particles are in constant, random motion, meaning they move continuously in all directions with varying speeds.
3. Recall the second main point: The volume of individual gas particles is negligible compared to the total volume of the container, implying that most of the gas volume is empty space.
4. Recall the third main point: Collisions between gas particles and with the container walls are perfectly elastic, meaning no kinetic energy is lost during collisions.
5. Compare each given option to these three points and identify the option that correctly states all three main principles of the kinetic molecular theory.