Multiple Choice
Which of the following correctly ranks the materials by the strength of attraction between their atoms or molecules, from weakest to strongest: helium (He), water (H2O), sodium chloride (NaCl), and methane (CH4)?
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13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces
Intermolecular Forces
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Which of the following types of intermolecular forces is primarily responsible for the high boiling point of water (H_2O)?
A
Ion-dipole interactions
B
London dispersion forces
C
Hydrogen bonding
D
Dipole-dipole interactions
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the types of intermolecular forces listed: ion-dipole interactions, London dispersion forces, hydrogen bonding, and dipole-dipole interactions.
Recall that water (H_2O) is a polar molecule with a bent shape, which allows it to have a permanent dipole moment.
Understand that hydrogen bonding is a special, strong type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative atoms like oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine.
Recognize that in water, hydrogen atoms are bonded to oxygen, enabling hydrogen bonds between water molecules, which are stronger than regular dipole-dipole or London dispersion forces.
Conclude that the high boiling point of water is primarily due to hydrogen bonding, as these interactions require more energy to break compared to other intermolecular forces.
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