In the context of quantum mechanics, what does it mean when we say that the energies of electrons are quantized?

• A. Electrons can only possess specific, discrete energy values rather than any value within a range.
• B. Electrons always have the same energy regardless of their position in an atom.
• C. Electrons lose energy continuously as they move around the nucleus.
• D. Electrons can have any energy value between zero and infinity.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of quantization in quantum mechanics: it means that certain physical properties, such as energy, can only take on specific discrete values rather than any value within a continuous range.
2. Apply this concept to electrons in an atom: electrons are restricted to certain allowed energy levels or states, and cannot have energies between these levels.
3. Recognize that these discrete energy levels arise from the wave-like nature of electrons and the boundary conditions imposed by the atomic structure.
4. Note that when electrons move between these energy levels, they absorb or emit energy in fixed amounts (quanta), corresponding to the difference between the energy levels.
5. Conclude that saying 'energies of electrons are quantized' means electrons can only possess specific, discrete energy values, not any arbitrary energy.