Multiple Choice
How many electrons are present in the second principal energy level (n = 2) of a neutral phosphorus atom?
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10. Periodic Properties of the Elements
Valence Electrons of Elements
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Which of the following compounds has a total of 10 valence electrons?
A
H2O
B
CO2
C
CH4
D
NH3
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the number of valence electrons for each atom in the compound. Recall that valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom and are important for bonding.
Calculate the total valence electrons for each compound by summing the valence electrons of all atoms present. For example, oxygen has 6 valence electrons, carbon has 4, hydrogen has 1, and nitrogen has 5.
For H\_2O: Calculate total valence electrons as (2 × valence electrons of H) + (1 × valence electrons of O).
For CO\_2: Calculate total valence electrons as (1 × valence electrons of C) + (2 × valence electrons of O).
For CH\_4 and NH\_3: Similarly, calculate total valence electrons by summing the valence electrons of each atom multiplied by their count in the molecule. Compare all totals to find which compound has exactly 10 valence electrons.
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