Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes electron shielding in atoms?
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10. Periodic Properties of the Elements
Periodic Trend: Effective Nuclear Charge
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Which of the following is the approximate effective nuclear charge (Z_eff) experienced by a 2p electron in a carbon atom?
A
2.0
B
4.0
C
6.0
D
3.25
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the atomic number (Z) of carbon, which is 6, representing the total number of protons in the nucleus.
Understand that the effective nuclear charge (Z_eff) is the net positive charge experienced by an electron after accounting for the shielding effect of other electrons.
Use Slater's rules to estimate the shielding constant (S) for a 2p electron in carbon: group electrons into shells and assign shielding values accordingly.
Calculate the shielding constant (S) by summing contributions from electrons in the same shell and inner shells based on Slater's rules.
Compute the effective nuclear charge using the formula \(Z_{eff} = Z - S\), where Z is the atomic number and S is the shielding constant.
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