Which of the following is a component of John Dalton's atomic theory?

• A. Atoms of the same element can have different masses.
• B. Atoms can be created or destroyed in chemical reactions.
• C. Electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed paths.
• D. All matter is composed of indivisible atoms.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Review John Dalton's atomic theory, which was one of the earliest models explaining the nature of matter at the atomic level.
2. Recall that Dalton proposed that all matter is made up of tiny, indivisible particles called atoms, which cannot be created or destroyed in chemical reactions.
3. Understand that Dalton stated atoms of the same element are identical in mass and properties, and atoms of different elements have different masses.
4. Note that Dalton's theory did not include subatomic particles like electrons or the concept of electrons orbiting the nucleus; these ideas came later with other scientists.
5. Therefore, identify the correct component of Dalton's atomic theory as 'All matter is composed of indivisible atoms,' distinguishing it from the other incorrect statements.