Which of the following best explains the importance of valence electrons in chemistry?

• A. Valence electrons determine how atoms bond and interact with other atoms.
• B. Valence electrons are responsible for the color of an element.
• C. Valence electrons are found only in noble gases.
• D. Valence electrons determine the atomic mass of an element.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom. These electrons are the ones involved in chemical reactions and bonding.
2. Recall that atoms bond with each other to achieve a more stable electron configuration, often resembling the nearest noble gas configuration, which involves gaining, losing, or sharing valence electrons.
3. Recognize that the number and arrangement of valence electrons determine how an atom interacts with other atoms, influencing the type and strength of chemical bonds formed.
4. Note that valence electrons do not determine properties like color directly, nor are they exclusive to noble gases; all elements have valence electrons.
5. Also, understand that valence electrons do not affect the atomic mass, which depends on the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.