Which of the following pairs of terms represent two categories of compounds based on their functional groups?

• A. Solutions and Mixtures
• B. Ions and Radicals
• C. Atoms and Molecules
• D. Alcohols and Ketones

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that compounds are often categorized based on their functional groups, which are specific groups of atoms responsible for characteristic chemical reactions.
2. Review the given options and identify which pairs represent categories of compounds defined by their functional groups.
3. Recognize that 'Alcohols' and 'Ketones' are both classes of organic compounds distinguished by their functional groups: alcohols contain the hydroxyl group (-OH), while ketones contain the carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two carbon atoms.
4. Note that other options like 'Solutions and Mixtures' refer to physical mixtures, 'Ions and Radicals' refer to charged or reactive species rather than compound categories, and 'Atoms and Molecules' refer to basic units of matter, not functional group categories.
5. Conclude that the pair 'Alcohols and Ketones' correctly represents two categories of compounds based on their functional groups.