Where in the periodic table are the main-group elements found? Where are the transition metal groups found?

Verified step by step guidance

1. The periodic table is divided into several blocks based on the electron configuration of the elements.
2. Main-group elements, also known as representative elements, are found in the s-block and p-block of the periodic table.
3. The s-block includes Groups 1 and 2, which are the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, respectively.
4. The p-block includes Groups 13 to 18, which contain elements such as the halogens and noble gases.
5. Transition metals are found in the d-block, which includes Groups 3 to 12, located in the center of the periodic table.

Key Concepts

Periodic Table Structure

The periodic table is organized into rows called periods and columns known as groups or families. Main-group elements are located in groups 1, 2, and 13-18, which include the s and p block elements. Transition metals, on the other hand, are found in groups 3-12, corresponding to the d block of the periodic table, and are characterized by their ability to form variable oxidation states.

Main-Group Elements

Main-group elements, also known as representative elements, include both metals and nonmetals. They typically exhibit predictable properties based on their group number, such as valence electron configurations that influence their reactivity and bonding behavior. Examples include alkali metals (group 1), alkaline earth metals (group 2), and halogens (group 17).

Transition Metals

Transition metals are elements found in the d block of the periodic table, specifically in groups 3-12. They are known for their ability to form complex ions and exhibit variable oxidation states, which contribute to their diverse chemical behavior. Transition metals often have high melting and boiling points and are characterized by their metallic properties, such as conductivity and malleability.