How do scientists calculate the density of a substance?

• A. By subtracting the volume from the mass of the substance
• B. By adding the mass and volume of the substance
• C. By multiplying the mass of the substance by its volume
• D. By dividing the mass of the substance by its volume

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of density: Density is a measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume. It is a fundamental property of matter and is often used to identify substances.
2. Recall the formula for density: Density is calculated using the formula \( \text{Density} = \frac{\text{Mass}}{\text{Volume}} \). This formula indicates that density is the ratio of mass to volume.
3. Identify the units: Mass is typically measured in grams (g) and volume in cubic centimeters (cm³) or milliliters (mL). Therefore, density is often expressed in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³) or grams per milliliter (g/mL).
4. Apply the formula: To find the density of a substance, measure its mass using a balance and its volume using a graduated cylinder or other volume-measuring device. Then, divide the mass by the volume using the formula \( \text{Density} = \frac{\text{Mass}}{\text{Volume}} \).
5. Interpret the result: A higher density means the substance has more mass in a given volume, while a lower density means it has less mass in the same volume. This can help in identifying or characterizing the substance.