Which statement best explains how density determines whether an object will sink or float in water?

• A. An object will sink if its density is less than the density of water.
• B. Density does not affect whether an object sinks or floats.
• C. An object will float if its density is greater than the density of water.
• D. An object will float if its density is less than the density of water.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of density, which is defined as mass per unit volume, mathematically expressed as \(\text{density} = \frac{\text{mass}}{\text{volume}}\).
2. Recognize that whether an object sinks or floats in water depends on the comparison between the object's density and the density of water (approximately 1 g/cm³ or 1000 kg/m³).
3. If the object's density is greater than the density of water, the object is heavier per unit volume and will sink because it cannot be supported by the buoyant force of the water.
4. If the object's density is less than the density of water, the object is lighter per unit volume and will float because the buoyant force exerted by the water is sufficient to support it.
5. Therefore, the correct explanation is that an object will float if its density is less than the density of water, and sink if its density is greater.