Examine the two molecules and determine if they are identical or isomers.

• A. Identical
• B. Isomers
• C. Neither identical nor isomers
• D. Both identical and isomers

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Identify the type of molecules shown. Both molecules are benzene rings substituted with chlorine (Cl) and fluorine (F) atoms.
2. Step 2: Determine the positions of the substituents on the benzene ring. In the first molecule, Cl and F are adjacent (ortho position), while in the second molecule, Cl and F are opposite each other (para position).
3. Step 3: Understand that molecules with the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms are called isomers. Here, the difference in substituent positions means the molecules are positional isomers.
4. Step 4: Confirm that the molecules are not identical because their substituents are in different positions on the benzene ring, which affects their chemical properties.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the molecules are isomers (specifically positional isomers) and not identical.