Which statement best describes how electrons are arranged in an atom?

• A. Electrons are located only in the nucleus with protons and neutrons.
• B. Electrons are arranged in a solid layer surrounding the atom.
• C. Electrons are randomly scattered throughout the atom.
• D. Electrons occupy specific energy levels or shells around the nucleus.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that electrons are subatomic particles with a negative charge that exist in atoms.
2. Recall that the nucleus of an atom contains protons and neutrons, and electrons are not located inside the nucleus.
3. Learn that electrons are arranged in specific regions around the nucleus called energy levels or shells, which represent different amounts of energy.
4. Recognize that these energy levels are quantized, meaning electrons can only occupy certain allowed energy states, not random positions.
5. Summarize that the correct description is that electrons occupy specific energy levels or shells around the nucleus, rather than being randomly scattered or forming a solid layer.