Why is it important to balance the redox equation for the electrolysis of water in acidic solution?

• A. To prevent the formation of unwanted side products such as hydrogen peroxide.
• B. To ensure that the number of electrons lost in oxidation equals the number gained in reduction, maintaining charge and mass conservation.
• C. To allow the reaction to occur without the need for an external power source.
• D. To increase the rate of electrolysis by maximizing the concentration of hydrogen ions.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that in any redox reaction, including the electrolysis of water, the total number of electrons lost in the oxidation half-reaction must equal the total number of electrons gained in the reduction half-reaction. This ensures electron balance.
2. Recognize that balancing the redox equation also ensures mass conservation, meaning the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation.
3. In acidic solution, balancing involves adding H\_2O, H\^+, and electrons (e\^-) appropriately to each half-reaction to achieve both mass and charge balance.
4. By balancing the redox equation correctly, you prevent the formation of unwanted side products, such as hydrogen peroxide, which can occur if the reaction is not properly balanced.
5. Overall, balancing the redox equation maintains charge neutrality and mass conservation, which are fundamental principles for accurately describing the electrolysis process and predicting the correct products.