6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions
Solution Stoichiometry
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Solution stoichiometry deals with stoichiometric calculations in solutions that involve volume and molarity. So if you've watched my videos on stoichiometry, you are pretty familiar with our stoichiometric chart. Now that we are including solution stoichiometry, we're gonna adapt it slightly to fit the situations where now volume and molarity are sometimes given. So here in our solution stoichiometric chart, we're gonna say a chart uses the given quantity of a compound to determine the unknown quantity of another compound. So for here in this example, we have our balanced chemical equation and it says for every 2 moles of sodium solid reacting with 2 moles of water as a liquid, we produce 1 mole of hydrogen gas and 2 moles of sodium hydroxide as an aqueous product. Now they're giving to us that water has a volume of 38.74 milliliters of 0.275 molar. So this is our given information. And then what they're asking us to do is to determine the grams of h 2. Now remember in our stoichiometric chart, on the left side is where we have our given information. We are cut we're used to seeing our given information given to us in grams or in moles, But now with solution stoichiometry, we'll tend to see it also be given to us as, volume of some molarity. And remember we've said this before, the word of in between two numbers means multiply. And realize here that moles equals liters times molarity. So if you were to change these m l's to liters and multiply them by the molarity, then you would see that this new given shape that we are seeing feeds directly into our moles of given. And And remember, once we have our moles of given, it's our job to get to our unknown. Our unknown is what we're looking to find. Here our unknown is h 2 and we need to find it in grams. So following the stoichiometric chart we have here, we go from the moles of given, which is h two o, and we do the jump. In the jump, we're going from an area where we have information we know to an area where we don't know anything about the unknown. And in this jump, we have to remember to do a mole to mole comparison, where we use the coefficients in the balanced equation. At this point, it would take us to moles of h 2, and then it's up to us to go to either grams of h 2, or ions, atoms, formula units, or molecules of whatever unknown would be. So again, this is a continuation of our idea with stoichiometry, but now we're including this new shape here. If you haven't watched my video on stoichiometry, I highly suggest you go back and take a look at a couple of those videos. It's just a continuation of that idea now, including molarity and volume within our calculations. Now that we've seen this new stoichiometric chart, let's move on to some questions where we put it to practice.
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