9. Quantum Mechanics

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle Part 1: Position/Momentum and Schrödinger's Cat

Consider the discussion of radial probability functions in
“A Closer Look” in Section 6.6. (a) What is the difference
between the probability density as a function of r and the
radial probability function as a function of r ?

As discussed in the A Closer Look box on “Measurement and
the Uncertainty Principle,” the essence of the uncertainty
principle is that we can’t make a measurement without
disturbing the system that we are measuring. (a) Why can’t
we measure the position of a subatomic particle without
disturbing it?

Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle Explained

Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle

To what uncertainty (in m) can the position of a baseball traveling at 51.0 m/s be measured if the uncertainty of its speed is 0.12%? The mass of the baseball is 150 g.

An electron with a mass of 9.11 x 10-31 kg has an uncertainty in its position of 630 pm. What is the uncertainty in its velocity?

What is the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle: Explained in Simple Words

 The wave nature and particle nature of the electron are complementary properties. 

 This is only one of the correct choices. 

 It is impossible to know the exact position and velocity. 

 The position of an electron is related to its particle nature. 

 The velocity of an electron is related to its wave nature. 

 Correct due to the complementary nature of wave and particle properties. 

 Recall that we cannot observe an electron without disturbing it. 

 Which of the following statements about the Heisenberg uncertainty principle is false? 

What is the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, and how does it affect our description of atomic structure?

Use the Heisenberg uncertainty principle to calculate the uncertainty in meters in the position of a honeybee weighing 0.68 g and traveling at a velocity of 0.85 m/s. Assume that the uncertainty in the velocity is 0.1 m/s.

Using Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, calculate the uncertainty
in the position of (b) a proton moving at a speed of 15.00 { 0.012 * 104 m/s.
(The mass of a proton is given in the table of fundamental
constants in the inside cover of the text.)

The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle Part 2: Energy/Time and Quantum Fluctuation

An electron traveling at 3.7 * 105 m>s has an uncertainty in its
velocity of 1.88 * 105 m/s. What is the uncertainty in its
position?

Using Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, calculate the uncertainty
in the position of (a) a 1.50-mg mosquito moving at a
speed of 1.40 m/s if the speed is known to within {0.01 m/s;

Calculate the uncertainty in the position of (a) an electron 
moving at a speed of 13.00 { 0.012 * 105 m/s

The Uncertainty Principle is NOT about "Uncertainty"

The mass of a helium atom is 4.0026 amu, and its average velocity at 25 °C is 1.36 * 103 m/s. What is the uncertainty in meters in the position of a helium atom if the uncertainty in its velocity is 1%?

UNCERTINATY PRINCIPLE

Why do we have to use an arbitrary value such as 90% to determine the spatial limitations of an orbital?

A proton with a mass of 1.67 x 10-27 kg traveling at 4.7 x 105 m/s has an uncertainty in its velocity of 1.77 x 105 m/s. Determine its uncertainty in position.

An electron has an uncertainty in its position of 552 pm. What
is the uncertainty in its velocity?

What is the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle? - Chad Orzel

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle Example 1

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[BOOK CHEM] Clutch Version

Wavelength and Frequency

Wavelength&nbsp;is the distance from one crest of a wave to another, whereas frequency is the number of waves within a second.&nbsp;

Quantum Numbers: Spin Quantum Number

The Spin Quantum Number deals with the spin of an electron within an orbital.

Speed of Light

The Speed of Light in a vacuum is related to the wavelength and frequency of a light particle.

Bohr Equation

In the Bohr Equation, the energy and wavelength a photon is related to its energy shell transitions.

Quantum Numbers: Angular Momentum Quantum Number

The&nbsp;Angular Momentum Quantum Number&nbsp;gives the shape of the atomic orbitals.

Emission Spectrum

Emission Spectra is a series of lines formed when emitted light is focused by a slit and passed through a prism. &nbsp;

Introduction to Quantum Mechanics

The 4 Quantum Numbers provide us the coordinates to find the theoretical location of an electron.

Quantum Numbers: Nodes

A node is the region in an atom with zero electron density and where an electron is least likely to exist.

The Energy of Light

The Energy of Light&nbsp;involves the use of a new variable Planck's Constant.

Electromagnetic Spectrum

The Electromagnetic Spectrum is the different forms of radioactive energy that exists in our universe.

Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle&nbsp;tries to explain the potential duality of an electron behaving as either a particle or wave.&nbsp;

Quantum Numbers: Number of Electrons

The Quantum Numbers can give both the quantity and location of electrons within a given atom.&nbsp;

Quantum Numbers: Principal Quantum Number

The Principal Quantum Number gives both the size and energy of an electron shell.&nbsp;

Photoelectric Effect

What happens when light strikes the surface of a metal? The Photoelectric Effect&nbsp;can help to explain that.&nbsp;

Quantum Numbers: Magnetic Quantum Number

The Magnetic Quantum Number gives the location of an electron within a specific orbital.

Bohr Model

In the Bohr Model, electrons can move up and down to different orbitals or shells based on absorbing or releasing of energy.&nbsp;

De Broglie Wavelength

The&nbsp;De Broglie Wavelength equation relates wavelength to velocity or speed.&nbsp;

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