10. Periodic Properties of the Elements

The Electron Configuration: Condensed

CHEMISTRY 101: Writing an Electron Configuration for Lead Using the Periodic Table

 This orbital diagram represents a correct electron configuration. 

 In this orbital diagram, there is violation of Hund's rule. 

 In this orbital diagram, there is violation of Hund's rule and it does not represent a ground state configuration. 

Correct, in the 2s orbital the two electrons have the same spin and the same four quantum numbers.

 No two electrons in an atom can have the same four quantum numbers. 

 Which electron configuration violates the Pauli exclusion principle? 

What noble-gas configurations and charge are the following elements likely to attain in reactions in which they form ions?
(c) S

noble gas notation

Write the condensed electron configuration and electron orbital diagram for the following element:Zinc&nbsp;

Use the periodic table to determine the element corresponding
to each electron configuration.
b. [Ar] 4s23d2

Write the Electron Configuration of Sodium (Na and Na+)

Use the periodic table to write an electron configuration for
each element. Represent core electrons with the symbol of the
previous noble gas in brackets.
c. Zr

Scientists have speculated that element 126 might have a
moderate stability, allowing it to be synthesized and characterized.
Predict what the condensed electron configuration
of this element might be.

Use the periodic table to determine the element corresponding
to each electron configuration.
d. [Kr] 5s2

The discovery of hafnium, element number 72, provided 
a controversial episode in chemistry. G. Urbain, a French 
chemist, claimed in 1911 to have isolated an element 
number 72 from a sample of rare earth (elements 58–71) 
compounds. However, Niels Bohr believed that hafnium 
was more likely to be found along with zirconium than 
with the rare earths. D. Coster and G. von Hevesy, working 
in Bohr’s laboratory in Copenhagen, showed in 1922 that 
element 72 was present in a sample of Norwegian zircon, 
an ore of zirconium. (The name hafnium comes from the 
Latin name for Copenhagen, Hafnia). 
(d) Using their electron configurations, account for the fact 
that Zr and Hf form chlorides MCl4 and oxides MO2.

Use the periodic table to write an electron configuration for
each element. Represent core electrons with the symbol of the
previous noble gas in brackets.
b. Ge

Write the Electron Configuration of Silver (Ag and Ag+)

How to Write the Electron Configuration for an Element in Each Block

What noble-gas configurations and charge are the following elements likely to attain in reactions in which they form ions?
(b) Ca

The discovery of hafnium, element number 72, provided
a controversial episode in chemistry. G. Urbain, a French
chemist, claimed in 1911 to have isolated an element
number 72 from a sample of rare earth (elements 58–71)
compounds. However, Niels Bohr believed that hafnium
was more likely to be found along with zirconium than
with the rare earths. D. Coster and G. von Hevesy, working
in Bohr’s laboratory in Copenhagen, showed in 1922 that
element 72 was present in a sample of Norwegian zircon,
an ore of zirconium. (The name hafnium comes from the
Latin name for Copenhagen, Hafnia). (a) How would you
use electron configuration arguments to justify Bohr’s prediction?

The following do not represent valid ground-state electron
configurations for an atom either because they violate the
Pauli exclusion principle or because orbitals are not filled
in order of increasing energy. Indicate which of these two
principles is violated in each example. (b) 3Xe46s3

Writing Condensed/Abbreviated Electron Configurations

Give the expected ground-state electron configurations for atoms with the following atomic numbers. 
(c) Z = 80

Consider the noble gas xenon. 
(a) Write the electron configuration of xenon using the abbreviation of the previous noble gas.

The Electron Configuration: Condensed Example 1

What Is the Electron Configuration of Mercury? : Chemistry Rundown

The following electron configurations represent excited states. 
Identify the element and write its ground-state condensed 
electron configuration. (b) 3Ne43s13p44p1.

[Ne] 3s2 3p1 = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1

Condensed Electron Configuration

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Mr. Holt's Physics and Chemistry

1. Intro to General Chemistry

2. Atoms & Elements

3. Chemical Reactions

4. BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures

5. BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions

6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions

7. Gases

8. Thermochemistry

9. Quantum Mechanics

11. Bonding & Molecular Structure

12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory

13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces

14. Solutions

15. Chemical Kinetics

16. Chemical Equilibrium

17. Acid and Base Equilibrium

18. Aqueous Equilibrium

19. Chemical Thermodynamics

20. Electrochemistry

21. Nuclear Chemistry

22. Organic Chemistry

23. Chemistry of the Nonmetals

24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds

[BOOK CHEM] Clutch Version

Periodic Trend: Cumulative

Periodic Trends are patterns present in the periodic table based on an element's size and electron distribution.&nbsp;

Periodic Trend: Ionic Radius

Ionic Radius is the distance between an ion's nucleus and its most outer occupied electron shell.&nbsp;

The Electron Configuration

The electron configuration of an element is the distribution of its electrons within atomic orbitals.&nbsp;

The Electron Configuration: Ions

The Electron Configuration of Ions involves either adding or removing electrons from a given orbital of an element.

Periodic Trend: Successive Ionization Energies

Successive Ionization Energies deals with the removal of multiple electrons from a gaseous atom or ion through multiple steps.

Periodic Trend: Atomic Radius

The atomic radius of an element is the distance from its nucleus to its outer electron shell.

Valence Electrons of Elements

The Valence Electrons represent the outer shell electrons of an element or ion.&nbsp;

Periodic Trend: Effective Nuclear Charge

Effective Nuclear Charge (Zeff) measures the force exerted onto an electron by the nucleus.&nbsp;

Periodic Trend: Ionization Energy

Ionization Energy is the energy absorbed&nbsp;in order to remove an electron from a gaseous atom or ion.&nbsp;

Periodic Trend: Metallic Character

Metallic Character&nbsp;deals with how easily an electron can be removed from an element.&nbsp;

Paramagnetism and Diamagnetism

Paramagnetism&nbsp;and&nbsp;Diamagnetism deal with the presence of electrons that are either unpaired or paired in an orbital.

Periodic Trend: Electron Affinity

Electron Affinity is the energy released from the addition of an electron to a gaseous atom or ion.&nbsp;

The Electron Configuration: Quantum Numbers

The Quantum Numbers ultimately can be used to determine the precise location of an electron.&nbsp;

Periodic Trend: Electronegativity

Electronegativity is an element's ability to attract electrons.

The Electron Configurations: Exceptions

Most Electron Configuration Exceptions are the result of elements drive to obtain half filled or totally filled d orbitals.&nbsp;

Condensed Electron Configurations are a faster method in determining the configuration of elements and ions.&nbsp;