Why are groups on the periodic table also referred to as families?

• A. Because elements in the same group have identical physical states at room temperature.
• B. Because elements in the same group have similar chemical properties.
• C. Because elements in the same group are found in the same period.
• D. Because elements in the same group have the same atomic number.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that the periodic table is organized into columns called groups (or families) and rows called periods.
2. Recognize that elements within the same group share similar valence electron configurations, which largely determine their chemical behavior.
3. Recall that similar valence electron arrangements lead to similar chemical properties among elements in the same group.
4. Note that physical states at room temperature can vary within a group, so identical physical states are not the defining characteristic.
5. Conclude that groups are called families because the elements in a group exhibit similar chemical properties, much like family members share traits.