Which type of intermolecular force results from the formation of weak, momentary dipoles?

• A. Ion-dipole forces
• B. London dispersion forces
• C. Dipole-dipole interactions
• D. Hydrogen bonding

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that intermolecular forces are attractions between molecules that influence physical properties like boiling and melting points.
2. Recognize that London dispersion forces arise due to temporary fluctuations in electron distribution within molecules, creating momentary dipoles.
3. Note that these momentary dipoles induce dipoles in neighboring molecules, leading to weak, transient attractions.
4. Differentiate London dispersion forces from other intermolecular forces: ion-dipole forces involve ions and polar molecules, dipole-dipole interactions occur between permanent dipoles, and hydrogen bonding is a special strong dipole-dipole interaction involving H bonded to N, O, or F.
5. Conclude that the intermolecular force caused by weak, momentary dipoles is the London dispersion force.