1. Intro to General Chemistry

Classification of Matter

In the following drawings, red and blue spheres represent atoms of different elements. Match the molecular pictures  (a)–(c) with the following descriptions:
(i) a pure substance consisting of a compound 
(ii) a pure substance consisting of an element 
(iii) a mixture of element

Matter

Classify each of the following as a pure substance or a mixture.
If a mixture, indicate whether it is homogeneous or
heterogeneous: (c) aluminium

Which of the following figures represents (a) a pure element,
(More than one
picture might fit each description.)

A solid white substance A is heated strongly in the absence of
air. It decomposes to form a new white substance B and a gas C.
The gas has exactly the same properties as the product obtained
when carbon is burned in an excess of oxygen. Based
on these observations, can we determine whether solids A
and B and gas C are elements or compounds?

Which of the following figures represents
(d) a mixture of an element and a compound? (More than one
picture might fit each description.)

Classify each statement as an observation, a law, or a theory.
a. All matter is made of tiny, indestructible particles called atoms.
b. When iron rusts in a closed container, the mass of the container and its contents does not change.
c. In chemical reactions, matter is neither created nor
destroyed.
d. When a match burns, heat is released

Classify each of the following as an element, compound or mixture.a) Ammonia, NH3b) Gold barc) Orange juiced) Winee) Saline solution

Musical instruments like trumpets and trombones are made
from an alloy called brass. Brass is composed of copper and
zinc atoms and appears homogeneous under an optical microscope.
The approximate composition of most brass objects
is a 2:1 ratio of copper to zinc atoms, but the exact ratio varies
somewhat from one piece of brass to another. (a) Would you classify 
brass as an element, a compound, a homogeneous
mixture, or a heterogeneous mixture?

Compounds can only be broken down by chemical means.

Milk is an example of a homogeneous mixture.

Concrete is an example of a homogeneous mixture.

Which of the following statements is true?

Refer to Figure 1.2. What is developed when numerous observations support a hypothes

Classify each of the following as a pure substance, a solution, 
or a heterogeneous mixture: (b) a 999 gold bar

Choose the homogeneous mixture from the list below.

Types of Matter: Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures

The following statements pertain to the development of the theory of the structure of DNA. Match the statement with the appropriate step (observation, hypothesis, experiment designed to test hypothesis) in the scientific method. 
(b) In a sample of DNA, there are equal amounts of the bases A and T and equal amounts of the bases C and G.

The following statements pertain to the development of the theory of combustion by the French chemist Lavoisier in the eighteenth century. Match the statement with the appro-priate step (observation, hypothesis, experiment designed to test hypothesis) in the scientific method
(c) Combustion of a metal in a closed container ceases after a length of time.

The following statements pertain to the development of the theory of combustion by the French chemist Lavoisier in the eighteenth century. Match the statement with the appro-priate step (observation, hypothesis, experiment designed to test hypothesis) in the scientific method
(b) Oxygen gas combines with a substance during its combustion.

 are submicroscopic particles that make up matter 

 Atoms are extremely small and are present in all forms of matter. 

 Atoms are a fundamental component of all matter. 

Which of the following statements is a hypothesis about the synthesis of gold nanoparticles? (LO 1.1) 
(a) Adding a salt solution to gold nanoparticles causes the color to change from red to blue.
(b) To examine the effect of salt on gold nanoparticles, variable concentrations of salt are added to the nanopar-ticles and the results are measured
(c) A solution of gold nanoparticles with an average diam-eter of 30 nm has a wavelength of maximum absorption of 450 nm and is a reddish-orange color.
(d) Adding a substance with a negative charge to the surface of the nanoparticles creates repulsive forces that stabilize small particle size

The water supply for a midwestern city contains the following impurities: coarse sand, finely divided particulates, nitrate ions, trihalomethanes, dissolved phosphorus in the form of phosphates, potentially harmful bacterial strains, dissolved organic substances. Which of the following processes or agents, if any, is effective in removing each of these impurities: coarse sand filtration, activated carbon filtration, aeration, ozonization, precipitation with aluminum hydroxide?

Judge the following statements as true or false. If you believe
a statement to be false, provide a corrected version.
(b) All mixtures contain at least one element and one
compound.

Judge the following statements as true or false. If you believe
a statement to be false, provide a corrected version.
(i) Compounds always contain at least two different elements.

What is the difference between a hypothesis and theory? 
(a) A hypothesis provides an explanation for a phenomenon, but a theory does not.
(b) A theory provides an explanation for a phenomenon, but a hypothesis does not.
(c) Both a theory and a hypothesis provide an explanation for a phenomenon, but a theory has been upheld by experi-mental observations

(b) A(n) _________ reliably
predicts the behavior of matter, while a(n) _________ provides
an explanation for that behavior.

3 States of Matter for Kids (Solid, Liquid, Gas): Science for Children - FreeSchool

Is the separation method used in brewing a cup of coffee
best described as distillation, filtration, or chromatography?
<img src="https://lightcat-files.s3.amazonaws.com/problem_images/157b893f75f07cec-1660311709867.jpg" alt="" />

Classify each of the following as a pure substance or a mixture.
If a mixture, indicate whether it is homogeneous or
heterogeneous: (d) iodine tincture.

Judge the following statements as true or false. If you believe
a statement to be false, provide a corrected version.
(a) Air and water are both elements.

Classify each of the following as a pure substance or a mixture.
If a mixture, indicate whether it is homogeneous or heterogeneous:
(a) milk

Classify each of the following as a pure substance or a mixture. 
If a mixture, indicate whether it is homogeneous or heterogeneous: 
(b) beer

Classify each of the following as a pure substance or a mixture. 
If a mixture, indicate whether it is homogeneous or heterogeneous: 
(d) mayonnaise.

Which of the following would you characterize as pure 
or nearly pure substance? (a) stomach acid; (b) dry ice; 
(c) ice-cream; (d) stainless steel; (e) petroleum; (f) distilled 
water; (g) carbon monoxide gas; (h) compressed air in 
balloon.

Pure Substances, Elements, Compounds, Homogenous & Heterogenous Mixture Examples and Problems

Millikan determined the charge on the electron by studying
the static charges on oil drops falling in an electric
field (Figure 2.5). A student carried out this experiment using
several oil drops for her measurements and calculated the
charges on the drops. She obtained the following data:
Droplet Calculated Charge (C)
A 1.60 * 10-19
B 3.15 * 10-19
C 4.81 * 10-19
D 6.31 * 10-19
(c) What value should she report for the electronic charge?

 Air contains both elements and compounds. 

 Coffee is a mixture of variable composition. 

 Both air and water are examples of pure substances. 

 Both air and coffee are examples of pure substances. 

 Both water and coffee are examples of pure substances. 

 A pure substance is composed of only a single type of atom or molecule. 

 Which of the following is an example of a pure substance? 

Classification of Matter Example 1

Changes of State

Judge the following statements as true or false. If you believe
a statement to be false, provide a corrected version.
(c) Compounds can be decomposed into two or more other
substances; elements cannot.

Classify each of the following as a pure substance, a solution, 
or a heterogeneous mixture: (c) stainless steel.

 As the mass of carbon dioxide used increases so does the mass of oxygen. 

 Examine other choices for consistency with the data. 

 As the mass of carbon dioxide used increases so does the mass of carbon. 

 The sum of the masses of carbon and oxygen equals the mass of carbon dioxide used. 

 The mass of oxygen is about 2.67 times that of carbon in all samples. 

 All these statements correctly apply to the given data. 

 Look for patterns in the masses both in terms of magnitude as well as the total masses involved. 

Consider the following data obtained by decomposing samples of carbon dioxide, CO2, into its component elements. <table><caption>Mass of CO2 and Components</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="col">Sample</th><th scope="col">Mass CO2</th><th scope="col">Mass C</th><th scope="col">Mass O2</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">1</th><td>44.00 g</td><td>12.00 g</td><td>32.00 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">2</th><td>22.00 g</td><td>6.00 g</td><td>16.00 g</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">3</th><td>88.00 g</td><td>24.00 g</td><td>64.00 g</td></tr></tbody></table> Which of the following statements is consistent with this data?

Classify each substance as a pure substance or a mixture. If it is
a pure substance, classify it as an element or a compound. If it
is a mixture, classify it as homogeneous or heterogeneous.
a. sweat
b. carbon dioxide
c. aluminum
d. vegetable soup

The molecular illustration represents (LO 2.18) 
(a) a pure element 
(b) a mixture of two elements 
(c) a pure compound 
(d) a mixture of an element and a compound

The following statements pertain to the development of the theory of the structure of DNA. Match the statement with the appropriate step (observation, hypothesis, experiment designed to test hypothesis) in the scientific method. 
(c) Direct X rays at a sample of crystallized DNA, and inter-pret the diffraction pattern for structural information.

CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER | Animation

Classification of matter | Element, compound, homogeneous mixture, heterogeneous mixture - Dr K

(a) Which is more likely to eventually be shown to be incorrect:
an hypothesis or a theory?

Classify each substance as a pure substance or a mixture. If it is
a pure substance, classify it as an element or a compound. If it
is a mixture, classify it as homogeneous or heterogeneous.
a. wine
b. beef stew
c. iron
d. carbon monoxide

Classifying Matter With Practice Problems | Study Chemistry With Us

The following statements pertain to the development of the theory of combustion by the French chemist Lavoisier in the eighteenth century. Match the statement with the appro-priate step (observation, hypothesis, experiment designed to test hypothesis) in the scientific method
(a) A metal is burned in a closed container, and the change in mass of the solid and volume of the gas is measured.

Classify each statement as an observation, a law, or a theory.
a. Chlorine is a highly reactive gas.
b. If elements are listed in order of increasing mass of
their atoms, their chemical reactivities follow a repeating
pattern.
c. Neon is an inert (or nonreactive) gas.
d. The reactivity of elements depends on the arrangement of
their electrons.

Pure Substances and Mixtures! (Classification of Matter)

The following statements pertain to the development of the theory of the structure of DNA. Match the statement with the appropriate step (observation, hypothesis, experiment designed to test hypothesis) in the scientific method. 
(a) Two strands of DNA wind around one another in a helical structure.

Determine whether each molecular diagram represents a pure
substance or a mixture. If it represents a pure substance, classify
the substance as an element or a compound. If it represents a
mixture, classify the mixture as homogeneous or heterogeneous.
<img src="https://lightcat-files.s3.amazonaws.com/problem_images/10251bd1a917c479-1659707476172.jpg" alt="" />

Classify each of the following as a pure substance or a mixture. 
If a mixture, indicate whether it is homogeneous or heterogeneous: 
(c) diamond

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Conquer Chemistry

2. Atoms & Elements

3. Chemical Reactions

4. BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures

5. BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions

6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions

7. Gases

8. Thermochemistry

9. Quantum Mechanics

10. Periodic Properties of the Elements

11. Bonding & Molecular Structure

12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory

13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces

14. Solutions

15. Chemical Kinetics

16. Chemical Equilibrium

17. Acid and Base Equilibrium

18. Aqueous Equilibrium

19. Chemical Thermodynamics

20. Electrochemistry

21. Nuclear Chemistry

22. Organic Chemistry

23. Chemistry of the Nonmetals

24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds

[BOOK CHEM] Clutch Version

SI Units

The International System of Units (SI) is related to the metric system and is based on seven base units.

Physical & Chemical Changes

A physical change involves a change in the phases of matter, whereas a chemical change involves a change in chemical bonds.&nbsp;

Physical Properties

Physical Properties are measurable properties that describe the state of chemical compounds.&nbsp;

Significant Figures: In Calculations

Significant Figures are often involved in chemical calculations.&nbsp;

Scientific Notation

Scientific Notation is used to turn small or large inconvenient numbers into manageable ones.&nbsp;

Density of Non-Geometric Objects

The density of non-geometric objects can be determined using water displacement.&nbsp;

Density

Density represents the mass of an object or compound within a given volume.&nbsp;

Significant Figures: Precision in Measurements

Significant Figures are used to discuss the level of precision in any measurement.&nbsp;

Intensive vs. Extensive Properties

Intensive Properties are independent and Extensive Properties are dependent on the size or amount of substance present

Density of Geometric Objects

The density of geometric objects generally includes spheres, cubes and cylinders.&nbsp;

Significant Figures

Significant Figures are used to determine some level of accuracy within our recorded measurements.&nbsp;

Dimensional Analysis

We use dimensional analysis&nbsp;as a fail proof process to convert from one unit to another.

Chemical Properties

Chemical Properties are observed during chemical reactions.&nbsp;

Temperature

Temperature is a measure of the amount of average kinetic energy of the atoms in a compound.

Metric Prefixes

Metric Prefixes are “labels” that can be placed in front of base units.&nbsp;

Conversion Factors

Conversion Factors represent ratios or fractions composed of different units.&nbsp;

Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes, with the atom being its basic functional unit.&nbsp;