Which functional group is responsible for the characteristic reactions of alcohols?

• A. Carbonyl group ($C=O$)
• B. Carboxyl group ($-COOH$)
• C. Amino group ($-N{H}_2$)
• D. Hydroxyl group ($-OH$)

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the functional groups listed in the problem: Carbonyl group (C=O), Carboxyl group (-COOH), Amino group (-NH2), and Hydroxyl group (-OH).
2. Understand that a functional group is a specific group of atoms within a molecule that is responsible for a characteristic chemical reaction of that molecule.
3. Recall that alcohols are organic compounds characterized by the presence of a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a carbon atom.
4. Recognize that the hydroxyl group (-OH) is the functional group responsible for the characteristic reactions of alcohols, such as hydrogen bonding, dehydration, and oxidation.
5. Conclude that among the options provided, the hydroxyl group (-OH) is the correct functional group responsible for the characteristic reactions of alcohols.