Multiple Choice
Which of the following correctly ranks the substituents nitro (), methyl (), and methoxy () on a benzene ring in order of increasing electron-donating ability?
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2. Molecular Representations
Functional Groups
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Which functional group is NOT present in the molecule aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)?
A
Aldehyde
B
Carboxylic acid
C
Ester
D
Aromatic ring (benzene)
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Identify the structure of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). It consists of a benzene ring (aromatic ring) with two main functional groups attached: a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) and an ester group (-COO-).
Step 2: Recognize the aromatic ring (benzene) as the six-carbon ring with alternating double bonds, which is clearly present in aspirin's structure.
Step 3: Identify the carboxylic acid group (-COOH) attached directly to the benzene ring, which is a defining feature of salicylic acid, the precursor to aspirin.
Step 4: Note the ester group formed by the acetylation of the hydroxyl group on the benzene ring, resulting in an acetyl ester (-COOCH3) in aspirin.
Step 5: Understand that an aldehyde group (-CHO) is characterized by a carbonyl carbon bonded to at least one hydrogen atom, which is not present anywhere in the aspirin molecule.
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