A dehydration synthesis reaction results in which of the following?

• A. Breaking of a covalent bond and release of a water molecule ($H_{2}O$)
• B. Formation of a hydrogen bond and a water molecule ($H_{2}O$)
• C. Breaking of a water molecule ($H_{2}O$) and a covalent bond
• D. Formation of a water molecule ($H_{2}O$) and a new covalent bond

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of dehydration synthesis: It is a chemical reaction that involves the removal of a water molecule to form a new covalent bond between two molecules.
2. Identify the components involved in dehydration synthesis: Typically, two smaller molecules (often organic compounds) are joined together.
3. Recognize the role of water in the reaction: During dehydration synthesis, a hydroxyl group (OH) from one molecule and a hydrogen atom (H) from another molecule are removed to form water (H₂O).
4. Determine the outcome of the reaction: The removal of water facilitates the formation of a new covalent bond between the two molecules, resulting in a larger molecule.
5. Conclude that the correct answer is the formation of a water molecule and a new covalent bond, as this is the hallmark of a dehydration synthesis reaction.