Which of the following is the correct structure for 4-amino-2-chlorophenol?

• A. A benzene ring with an ${\mathrm{NH}}_2$ group at position 1, a ${\mathrm{Cl}}_2$ group at position 2, and an ${\mathrm{OH}}_4$ group at position 4.
• B. A benzene ring with an ${\mathrm{Cl}}_1$ group at position 1, an ${\mathrm{OH}}_2$ group at position 2, and an ${\mathrm{NH}}_2$ group at position 4.
• C. A benzene ring with an ${\mathrm{OH}}_1$ group at position 1, a ${\mathrm{Cl}}_2$ group at position 2, and an ${\mathrm{NH}}_2$ group at position 4.
• D. A benzene ring with an ${\mathrm{OH}}_1$ group at position 1, a ${\mathrm{NH}}_2$ group at position 2, and a ${\mathrm{Cl}}_4$ group at position 4.

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the parent compound and the principal functional group for numbering. In this case, the parent compound is phenol, so the hydroxyl group (OH) takes priority and is assigned position 1 on the benzene ring.
2. Number the benzene ring starting from the hydroxyl group (OH) as position 1, then number the ring to give the substituents the lowest possible numbers.
3. Locate the substituents based on the name 4-amino-2-chlorophenol: the amino group (NH\_2) is at position 4, and the chlorine (Cl) is at position 2 relative to the hydroxyl group at position 1.
4. Draw the benzene ring with the OH group at position 1, the Cl atom at position 2, and the NH\_2 group at position 4, ensuring the correct relative positions on the ring.
5. Verify that the numbering and substituent positions match the IUPAC nomenclature rules and the given compound name 4-amino-2-chlorophenol.