In the context of organic chemistry, what are the primary products of the Calvin cycle?

• A. $\mathrm{ATP}$ and $\mathrm{NADPH}$
• B. $\text{Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (}G3P\text{)}$
• C. $\mathrm{Glucose}$ and $\mathrm{oxygen}$
• D. ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ and $H_{2}O$

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that the Calvin cycle is a series of biochemical redox reactions that take place in the stroma of chloroplasts in photosynthetic organisms.
2. Recognize that the primary purpose of the Calvin cycle is to convert carbon dioxide and water into organic compounds, using the energy from ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
3. Identify that the main product of the Calvin cycle is Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P), a three-carbon sugar that can be used to form glucose and other carbohydrates.
4. Note that ATP and NADPH are not products of the Calvin cycle; instead, they are consumed during the cycle to drive the conversion of carbon dioxide into G3P.
5. Remember that oxygen is not a product of the Calvin cycle; it is a byproduct of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, where water is split to release oxygen.