Which scenario describes the process of allopatric speciation in organic chemistry?

• A. A population of organisms is divided by a geographical barrier, leading to the evolution of distinct species.
• B. A population of organisms adapts to different ecological niches within the same environment.
• C. Two different species merge to form a single new species in the same habitat.
• D. A population of organisms undergoes genetic mutations that result in new species without geographical separation.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that allopatric speciation is a biological concept, not directly related to organic chemistry, but it involves the process of species formation due to geographical separation.
2. Recognize that in allopatric speciation, a population is divided by a physical barrier, such as a mountain range or a body of water, which prevents gene flow between the separated groups.
3. Over time, the isolated populations undergo genetic changes due to natural selection, mutation, and genetic drift, leading to the development of distinct species.
4. Compare the given scenarios: the correct scenario for allopatric speciation involves a geographical barrier leading to the evolution of distinct species.
5. Identify that the scenario describing a population divided by a geographical barrier aligns with the concept of allopatric speciation, as opposed to scenarios involving ecological niches, merging species, or genetic mutations without geographical separation.