Multiple Choice
Which of the following molecules is classified as organic?
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2. Molecular Representations
Functional Groups
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Which functional group is represented by all the atoms that are circled in the molecule below?
A
Ketone
B
Carboxylic acid
C
Aldehyde
D
Alcohol
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the atoms that are circled in the molecule. Look carefully at the arrangement of atoms and bonds within the circled region.
Recall the defining features of each functional group: a ketone has a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two carbon atoms; an aldehyde has a carbonyl group bonded to at least one hydrogen; an alcohol contains an -OH group; a carboxylic acid contains a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to a hydroxyl group (-OH).
Examine if the circled atoms include both a carbonyl group (C=O) and a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to the same carbon atom, which is characteristic of a carboxylic acid.
If the circled atoms do not fit the ketone, aldehyde, or alcohol definitions but do fit the carboxylic acid structure, then the functional group is a carboxylic acid.
Conclude that the functional group represented by the circled atoms is the carboxylic acid group based on the presence of both the carbonyl and hydroxyl groups bonded to the same carbon.
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