Which factor primarily contributes to the complexity and variety of organic molecules?

• A. The lack of isomerism in organic chemistry
• B. The presence and diversity of functional groups
• C. The high melting points of organic compounds
• D. The abundance of metals in organic molecules

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that organic molecules are primarily composed of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and other elements, forming a vast array of structures.
2. Recognize that the complexity and variety of organic molecules arise mainly from the different functional groups attached to the carbon skeleton, which influence the molecule's properties and reactivity.
3. Recall that functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that have characteristic chemical behaviors, such as hydroxyl (-OH), carbonyl (C=O), amino (-NH2), and many others.
4. Note that the presence of various functional groups allows for numerous combinations and arrangements, leading to a wide diversity of organic compounds with different chemical and physical properties.
5. Conclude that among the options given, the presence and diversity of functional groups is the primary factor contributing to the complexity and variety of organic molecules.