a. What is each compound’s systematic name?
b. Draw a sk...

Question

a. What is each compound’s systematic name?

b. Draw a skeletal structure for each condensed structure given and draw a condensed structure for each skeletal structure.

7.

8. CH₃OCH₂CH₂CH₂OCH₃

Accepted Answer

All right. Hello everyone. So for this question, let's go ahead and give the systematic name and draw the skeletal structure for each compound shown below. Now, here we have two compounds and notably both of them happen to be ethers. Recall that an ether is a functional group where we have an oxygen atom in between two carbon chains. Now, when it comes to writing the systematic name, otherwise known as the Iupac name of an ether, the larger of the two carbon chains is treated as the parent, whereas the smaller of the two is grouped with oxygen to create an oxy substituent. But before we talk about the systematic names of these compounds, I actually want to address the skeletal structures. First, skeletal structures are representations of organic molecules where carbon carbon bonds are shown as lines where corners and open ends represent carbon atoms. Now, hydrogen atoms that are bound to carbon are not explicitly shown instead, they're implied to be present to fulfill carbon's four bond requirement. However, any hetero atoms such as nitrogen, oxygen, et cetera and hydrogen atoms bound to those hetero atoms are indeed shown the starting off with part one here considering the structure provided, we can see that in the first row here, there are 1234 carbons before we encounter the oxygen within the chain. So that's four corners or open ends here in a zigzag line before I draw out oxygen followed by three more carpets. However, branching off of the fourth carbon are four additional carbons. So I would simply add that branching off of carbon for there. So now lets talk about Iupac naming when it comes to any Iupac name, our first step is to go ahead and not only find but name our parent chain. That's the longest continuous chain of carbons starting from the left side of the structure. Here, I can see that the longest continuous carbon chain totals eight carbons considering how we had additional carbons branching off of carbon four, which was next to oxygen. Now, when the parent chain is composed of eight carbons, the appropriate prefix is Octa. And additionally, because there are only single bonds in between these carbon atoms, the appropriate parent name would be octane A ne as in all king. So now that we have our parent chain identified, the next step is to identify and name any substituents that branch off of the carbon chain. Now, before we talk about what substituents are present, I want to make a quick note about the numbering of the carbon chain recall that the number on a carbon chain indicates the location of a substituent on that carbon chain. In other words, what carbon that substituent is branching off of. So because of that, it's important to make sure that when numbering the carbon chain substituents are given the smallest position numbers possible. In the case of molecule one, here we have only one substituent which is the ether itself. And when numbering the chain from left to right, that position number becomes four. But let's check if I start numbering in the opposite order. Let's say I start numbering from the right side of the carbon chain. Going towards the left. It's still eight carbons, of course, but this time the substituent would be on carbon five. So the way that it was numbered before, from left to right is correct because it gave our ether here the smaller position number. So with this in mind, on carbon four of the parent chain is an oxygen atom with an additional three carbons branching off of it. Now recall the three carbons as a prefix of rope as in propane. But when a propo group is attaching to oxygen and oxygen is what connects this group to the parent chain, then the appropriate name would be prop Boxy instead of propol. So we have one prop boxy group at carbon four, which means that I would write four dash Propox followed by octane with no spaces in between them though, keep in mind that dashes should always separate numbers from letters. So that would be it for part one here, we have four Propox octane. So now let's keep going with part two. Now, the structure for part two is unique is that there are actually two alcoy substituents in this molecule. So we can see here that there are two carbons followed by the oxygen atoms on either end of the structure itself with a four carbon chain in between. So that's two carbons with the first oxygen followed by a four carbon chain. And then our second oxygen with another ethel group branching off of it. Let me actually move this to the side. All right. So now our first step once again is to go ahead and identify our parent chain, our longest continuous carbon chain. So for part two, that just so happens to be the four carbons in between both oxygen atoms. So that's four carbons. And another thing here about numbering is that both oxygen atoms are actually on either end of the four carbon chain. So regardless of the direction in which you number the parent chain here, you end up with the same position numbers. So that's OK. Now, four carbons in a group has a prefix of but but and because this is an all cane with only single bonds in between carbons, our parent name is Bea. So now let's talk about substituents. Now it just so happens that we have two copies of the same substituent because we have two oxygen atoms and both of them happen to have ethyl groups. Those are two carbon chains branching off of them. So that means that they are e foxy groups. But in this case, it's not necessarily enough to call them both oxy groups. Because when multiple copies of the same substituent are present in a molecule, certain prefixes are necessary to specify how many there are. For example, the prefix tri in tri methyl indicates that there would be three methyl groups in the same molecule. In this case, because there are two oxy groups in this compound. The appropriate prefix would be D I or die ey. And as for their position numbers, they would be grouped together because the substituent itself is the same one oxy group is on carbon one of the parent chain and the other is on carbon four. So that's one comma four dash die oxy commas, separate numbers from each other and dashes separate numbers from letters. So after putting all of this together with no spaces in between letters, the systematic name for part two becomes 14 dioxane and there you have it. So here are the skeletal structures and Iupac names or systematic names for parts one and two. If you watch this video all the way through the end. Thank you so very much. I appreciate it. And I hope you found this helpful.

a. What is each compound’s systematic name?
b. Draw a skeletal structure for each condensed structure given and draw a condensed structure for each skeletal structure.
7.
8. CH₃OCH₂CH₂CH₂OCH₃

Key Concepts

Systematic Naming of Organic Compounds

Skeletal Structures

Condensed Structures

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